Rotterdam-Botlek: BTEX*

In-situ remediation technique: Multi-phase extraction, Soil vapor extraction

Project name: Rotterdam-Botlek: BTEX* Case submitted by: Groundwater Technology Contact: Robert Heling Address: Postbus 12115 3004 GC Rotterdam Telephone number: +31 (0)10 238 2859 Email-address: rhg@gtbv.nl

Country: The Netherlands City/region/county: Rotterdam-Botlek (future) use of location: Industrial Built-up location during the active remediation phase?: Yes

In situ saneringstechniek: Multi-phase extraction, Soil vapor extraction

Explanation technique: Also other remediation techniques applied?: Yes, pump & treat for controling deep groundwater After care needed?: Yes, monitoring Rationale for the chosen technique: Large spill of crude-benzene (300 ton) in 2003. After covering of the top layer with film layer, in situ remediation started: multi-phase extraction and soil vapor extraction. The approache is based on the chemical properties of crude-benzene.

Treated contaminant(s): Volatile aromats, including benzene (BTEX) Mainly benzene and crude-benzene Contaminant phase: Soil/pure product and groundwater Size contamination: 20.000 m3 soil and 20.000 m3 groundwater Depth contamination: 12 m below surface

Remediation goal: Complete removal because of care responsibility Remediation goal achieved?: No, upper layer 0-2 m below surface is treated sufficiently. Remediation is now focused on the removal in deeper sand layer (10-12 m below surface). Initial and final concentration and load removal: Benzene initial concentration: 50 cm LNAPL; final concentration: total initial load: 150.000 kg ; total final load: 400 kg Active remediation phase: 01/07/2003 until 01/04/2006 Passive remediation phase: The passive phase is not yet completed. Expected realization period: 01-01-2010 until 01-01-2015. Total costs passive/after care phase: Total costs active phase: Confidential

Remediation goal: Complete removal because of care responsibility Remediation goal achieved?: No, upper layer 0-2 m below surface is treated sufficiently. Remediation is now focused on the removal in deeper sand layer (10-12 m below surface). Initial and final concentration and load removal: Benzene initial concentration: 50 cm LNAPL; final concentration: total initial load: 150.000 kg ; total final load: 400 kg Active remediation phase: 01/07/2003 until 01/04/2006 Passive remediation phase: The passive phase is not yet completed. Expected realization period: 01-01-2010 until 01-01-2015. Total costs passive/after care phase: Total costs active phase: Confidential

Problem owner: Contractor: Groundwater Technology Remediation plan: opgesteld door Groundwater Technology Remediation research: opgesteld door Groundwater Technology Competent authority: DCMR Contact information stake holders:

Lessons learned: In case of large spills, immediate action is needed. GT is highly experienced and has scenarios for these situations, which are available and can be implemented within 24 hours. It has been demonstrated that also under storage tanks it is possible to completely remove contamination. This has been proven during jacking by taking soil samples underneath the tank. Monitoring of PID-values is a good tool for redirecting the remediation. This saves money and speeds up the remediation. Pre-remediation research is not necessary; it is better to spend money and time on the remediation itself. Research is important at a later stage, if stagnation occurs. Remarks: Very large spill with major consequences for the customer. 8000 m2 of tank pit was completely filled with crude benzene. In situ remediation seemed to be the only realistic option because excavation was not possible because of site activities. Construction of the remediation system started after completion of pilot test which was conducted in two day time. By using the vapor handling system of the site owner considerable savings on air purification costs were possible. Report data can be requested via contact.

Related techniques: Multi-phase extraction, Soil vapor extraction

Related HIP-pilots: HIP-pilot ‘Acoustic remediation’