Summary

Case submitted by: BioSoil
Country: The Netherlands
Built-up site?: No
Soil type: Mainly sand, with clay layers
Follow-up required?: Yes, at the border of the site a remaining contamination is present because the remediation system could not be placed there. Monitoring of this groundwater contamination was needed.
Treated contamination: CVOC, Mineral oil, PAK’s and chlorobenzenes.
Medium contamination: Groundwater and soil/pure product
Dimension contamination: 15.000 m3
Remediation goal: B-values
Remediation goal achieved?: yes
Initial and final concentration or load removal:
Contamination 1:CVOC
initial concentration: 120.000 µg/l; final concentration: 50 µg/l
total initial load: remark [kg]; total final load: <0,1 [kg]
Contamination 2:mineral oil
initial concentration: free product; final concentration: < 50 µg/l
total initial load: remark [kg]; total final load: < 0,1 [kg]
Contamination 3:chloro benzenes
initial concentration: 5000 µg/l; final concentration: 99 µg/l
total initial load: remark [kg;] total final load: << 0,1 [kg]
Contamination 4:BTEX
initial concentration: 25.000 µg/l; final concentration: 9,9 µg/l
total initial load: remark [kg]
Active remediation phase: September 1996 until 2001.
Passive remediation phase: The passive phase is completed. Remediation period: medio 2001 to medio 2005

Case detailed information

General information
Project name: Anaerobic and aerobic degradation, diverse contamination*** Case submitted by: BioSoil Contact: Mw. C. v.d. Steenoven Address: Nijverheidsweg 27, 3341 LJ Hendrik Ido Ambacht Telephone number: +31 (0)78 - 682 01 40 Email-address: c.vandesteenoven@biosoil.com
Location
Country: The Netherlands City/region/county: Maassluis, Zuid Holland (future) use of location: Residence Built-up location during the active remediation phase?: No
Technique
In situ remediation technique: (Enhanced) natural attenuation, aerobic, (Enhanced) natural attenuation, anaerobic Explanation technique: A part of the contamination with mineral oil, PAHs and chlorinated benzenes is aerobically treated and the CVOC contamination is treated anaerobically. Also other remediation techniques applied?: Yes, a limited, but high concentration PAH contamination was excavated and there is mineral oil contaminated soil cleaned by land farming. After care needed?: Yes, at the border of the site a remaining contamination is present because the remediation system could not be placed there. Monitoring of this groundwater contamination was needed. Rationale for the chosen technique: The contamination was very diverse in composition. Therefore it was not logical to choose only one technique. For this reason, the method of treatment is adapted to the nature of the contamination and the possibilities for in-situ remediation. Therefore, the remediation was significantly cheaper than a full excavation.
Contamination
Treated contaminant(s): CVOC, Mineral oil, PAK's and chlorobenzenes. Contaminant phase: Groundwater and soil/pure product Size contamination: 15.000 m3 Depth contamination: 2-3 m below surface
Soil
Soil type: Mainly sand, with clay layers Saturated/unsaturated zone?: Saturated zone and unsaturated zone Permeability: >0,1 m/day, this is an estimation Flow velocity or gradient groundwater: Low
Result, duration, expense
Remediation goal: B-values Remediation goal achieved?: yes Initial and final concentration and load removal: Contamination 1: CVOC initial concentration: 120.000 µg/l; final concentration: 50 µg/l total initial load: remark [kg]; total final load: <0,1 [kg] Contamination 2:mineral oil initial concentration: free product; final concentration: < 50 µg/l total initial load: remark [kg]; total final load: < 0,1 [kg] Contamination 3:chloro benzenes initial concentration: 5000 µg/l; final concentration: 99 µg/l total initial load: remark [kg;] total final load: << 0,1 [kg] Contamination 4:BTEX initial concentration: 25.000 µg/l; final concentration: 9,9 µg/l total initial load: remark [kg] Active remediation phase: September 1996 until 2001. Passive remediation phase: The passive phase is completed. Remediation period: medio 2001 to medio 2005 Total costs passive/after care phase: € 30.000,- Total costs active phase: € 300.000,-
Stakeholders
Problem owner: Contractor: BioSoil Remediation plan: BioSoil R&D Remediation research: Grontmij Competent authority: DCMR Contact information stake holders:
Additional information
Lessons learned: Additional information Lessons learned: Prior to the remediation, the land usa has been changed from industrial to residential. Also, the ABC values were substituted by the target-and intervention values. This caused much uncertainty about the remediation goals and there are several versions of remediation plans written. The documentation is therefore a collection of notes and plans and is therefore not added. The final contamination was more serious than expected, because there was a spread storage of chemicals which have lead to the discovery of locations at the start of the construction activities. Also an oil tank had leaked at an adjacent site. This contamination has been remediated as well to avoid recontamination. During the remediation the site is designed and built, the contractor has damaged remediation systems several times despite the fact that it was stated they were were. This damage and the compensation for the damage should be clearly communicated in advance. Remarks: The groundwater flow is low in this area. There was a significant influence of the contamination to adjacent parcels created by diffusion, infiltrating rainwater (the area was paved and built-up). Because of the presence of pure product (both LNAPL and DNAPL), it was not possible to estimate the load. In September 1996 a control measure has started based on the extraction of groundwater, purification and re-infiltration of the purified water to prevent further spread of the contamination. The project is used for the development of anaerobic dehalogenation techniques (NOBIS based) in cooperation with TNO and Wageningen University.
Related techniques and HIP-pilots